biologyscienceТимирязевский биологический журналTimiryazev Biological Journal2949-4710ФГБОУ ВО РГАУ-МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева (ФГБОУ ВО РГАУ-МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева)10.26897/2949-4710-2023-3-6-12biologyscience-102Research ArticleБОТАНИКА, БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ РЕСУРСЫBOTANY, BIOLOGICAL RESOURCESНекоторые особенности систем побегов у представителей трибы Sequoiеае, культивируемых в РоссииSome Features of the Shoot Systems in Representatives of the Tribe Sequoiae, Cultivated in Russiahttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0368-4340МатюхинД. Л.MatyukhinD. L.

Дмитрий Леонидович Матюхин, канд. биол. наук, доцент, доцент кафедры ботаники, селекции и семеноводства садовых растений

127550, Россия, г. Москва, ул. Тимирязевская, 49

Dmitriy L. Matyukhin, CSc (Bio), Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Botany, Selection and Seed Production of Garden Plants

49, Ti­miryazevskaya Str., Moscow, 127434

d.matukhin@rgau-msha.ruРоссийский государственный аграрный университет – МСХА имени К.А. ТимирязеваРоссияRussian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural AcademyRussian Federation20232201202413612Copyright © Матюхин Д.Л., 20242024Матюхин Д.Л.Matyukhin D.L.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.bioscience-journal.com/jour/article/view/102

В статье рассмотрены приросты побегов у трех существующих в настоящее время видов, входящих в трибу секвойевых: Metasequoia glyptostroboides, Sequoia sempervirens и Sequoiadendron giganteum, структура которых изучена недостаточно. Материал был собран в коллекциях ботанических садов Черноморского побережья Кавказа и Крыма. За один продолжительный период роста у всех трех видов образуются системы побегов разной степени сложности: от неразветвленных, состоящих из одного элементарного, до силлептически разветвленных многоосных систем. У S. giganteum системы побегов, образующиеся за один период внепочечного роста, сходны с другими кипарисовыми, и частично – с сосновыми и подокарповыми. У Metasequoia glyptostroboides и Sequoia sempervirens силлептически разветвленные системы дифференцированы на несколько вариантов: на ортотропных побегах в верхней части прироста силлептически образуются плагиотропные ветви, которые продолжают рост после остановки ортотропной части системы побегов. Боковые силлептические побеги плагиотропные продолжают ветвление до боковых побегов второго порядка. Подобные структуры известны у Araucaria и ископаемых архаичных хвойных. У M. glyptostroboides и S. sempervirens имеются филломорфные ветви такого же облика, что описаны для Tsuga canadensis. Для этих видов характерны также почки, образующиеся сериально ниже силлептически отрастающего побега. У M. glyptostroboides филломорфные ветви ежегодно опадают, их многолетние основания формируют нарастающий базисимподиально укороченный побег. Почка возобновления в отличие от Taxodium distichum не погружена под кору.

The article focuses on the growth rates of three extant species belonging to the tribe Sequoiaceae: Metasequoia glyptostroboides, Sequoia sempervirens and Sequoiadendron giganteum. The material was collected from botanical garden collections on the Black Sea coast of the Caucasus and Crimea. During a long growing season, all three species form shoot systems of varying complexity: from unbranched shoots consisting of a single elementary shoot to sylleptically branched multi-axial systems. In S. giganteum, the shoot systems formed during an extra-bud growth period are similar to those of other Cupressaceae species and partly to those of Pinaceae. In Metasequoia glyptostroboides and Sequoia sempervirens, sylleptically branched shoot systems are differentiated into several variants: on orthotropic shoots in the upper part of the growth, plagiotropic branches are sylleptic and continue to grow after the orthotropic part of the shoot system has stopped growing. Plagiotropic sylleptic lateral shoots continue to branch into second-order lateral shoots. Similar structures are found in Araucaria and archaic fossil conifers. M. glyptostroboides and S. sempervirens have phyllomorphic branches of the same appearance as those described for Tsuga canadensis. Plagiotropic lateral sylleptic shoots continue to branch into second-order lateral shoots. Similar structures are known in Araucaria and fossil archaic conifers. M. glyptostroboides and S. sempervirens have phyllomorphic branches of the same appearance as described for Tsuga canadensis. These species are also characterized by buds formed serially below the sylleptically growing shoot. In M. glyptostroboides, the phyllomorphic branches fall off annually, and their perennial bases form a growing, basisympodially shortened shoot. The renewal bud is not located under the bark, as in Taxodium distichum.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.