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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">biologyscience</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Тимирязевский биологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Timiryazev Biological Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2949-4710</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБОУ ВО РГАУ-МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева (ФГБОУ ВО РГАУ-МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26897/2949-4710-2024-2-3-14-24</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">biologyscience-190</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>2 - БОТАНИКА, ФИЗИОЛОГИЯ РАСТЕНИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>2 - BOTANY, PLANT PHYSIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка уровня растворимых углеводов в люцерне и применение технологий искусственного интеллекта</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Assessment of soluble carbohydrate levels in alfalfa and application of artificial intelligence technologies</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2738-3438</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Худякова</surname><given-names>Х. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khudyakova</surname><given-names>H. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хатима Каримовна Худякова, ведущий научный сотрудник, кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук</p><p>141055, Московская область, г. Лобня, Научный городок, корпус 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Hatima K. Khudyakova, CSc (Ag), Leading Research Associate</p><p>building 1, Nauchniy Cp., Lobnya, Timiryazevskaya St., Moscow region, 141055</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">hatima40@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7875-074X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Худякова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khudyakova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Викторовна Худякова, профессор кафедры прикладной информатики, доктор экономических наук, профессор</p><p>127550, г. Москва, ул. Тимирязевская, 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Khudyakova, DSc (Econ), Professor, Professor at the Department of Applied Information Science</p><p>49 Timiryazevskaya St., Moscow, 127434</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">evhudyakova@rgau-msha.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7125-3027</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Степанцевич</surname><given-names>М. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stepantsevich</surname><given-names>M. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Марина Николаевна Степанцевич, доцент кафедры прикладной информатики</p><p>127550, г. Москва, ул. Тимирязевская, 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina N. Stepantsevich, СSc (Econ), Associate Professor, Associate Professor at the Department of Information Science</p><p>49 Timiryazevskaya St., Moscow, 127434</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">stepantsevich@rgau-msha.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный научный центр кормопроизводства и агроэкологии имени В.Р. Вильямса</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and Agroecology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский государственный аграрный университет – МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agriculture Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>2</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>14</fpage><lpage>24</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Худякова Х.К., Худякова Е.В., Степанцевич М.Н., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Худякова Х.К., Худякова Е.В., Степанцевич М.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khudyakova H.K., Khudyakova E.V., Stepantsevich M.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.bioscience-journal.com/jour/article/view/190">https://www.bioscience-journal.com/jour/article/view/190</self-uri><abstract><p>Целью исследований является оценка уровня растворимых в нейтральном детергенте углеводов люцерны (Medicago varia Mart.) при возделывании ее в условиях Центрального Нечерноземья на дерново-подзолистой почве, а также обзор новых методов (искусственные нейронные сети) в решении данного вопроса. Содержание нейтрального детергента углеводов определяли по формуле: 100 – сырой протеин – нейтрально-детергентная клетчатка – сырая зола – сырой жир. Используя данные о содержании компонентов формулы, определяли уровни нейтрального детергента углеводов у четырех сортов люцерны в следующие фазы роста: ветвление, начало бутонизации, бутонизация и цветение. Концентрация нейтрального детергента углеводов уменьшалась по мере созревания растений и составила (% на сухое вещество в среднем для всех сортов): в ветвлении – 39,4; в начале бутонизации – 35,5; в бутонизации – 32,7; в цветении – 26,6 соответственно. В более прохладных и влажных условиях вегетации отмечается меньшее содержание сырого протеина и НДК, в связи с чем уровень нейтрального детергента углеводов был выше и составил 36,1% в фазу бутонизации. Существует тесная отрицательная корреляция между нейтральным детергентом углеводов и содержанием суммы нейтрально-детергентная клетчатка + сырой протеин и одной нейтрально-детергентной клетчатки. Коэффициенты корреляции составили 0,96 и 0,90 соответственно. Из составных частей нейтрального детергента углеводов определяли уровни неструктурных углеводов и их долю. Оба эти показателя снижались по мере вегетации растений. Методы определения протеина, клетчатки и сырой золы могут быть основаны на применении инфракрасных анализаторов. При этом важно построить адекватные калибровочные модели, которые носят нелинейный характер. К передовым методам построения калибровочных моделей можно отнести методы искусственного интеллекта, а именно искусственные нейронные сети. Такая методология может быть использована, например, для рекомендации оптимального периода проведения укоса трав.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of this study is to assess the level of neutral detergent soluble carbohydrates of alfalfa (Medicago varia Mart.) when it is cultivated in the Central Non-Chernozem region on soddy-podzolic soil, as well as to review new methods (artificial neural networks) in solving this issue. The content of neutral detergent soluble carbohydrates (NDSC) was determined by the formula: 100 – crude protein (CP) – neutral detergent fiber (NDF) – crude ash (CA) – crude fat (CF). Data on the content of the components of the formula were used to determine levels of NDSC in four alfalfa varieties at the following growth phases: branching, beginning of budding, budding and flowering. Concentrations of NDSC decreased as the plants matured and were (% per dry matter on average for all varieties): at branching – 39.4, at the beginning of budding – 35.5, at budding – 32.7, and at flowering – 26.6. In cooler and more humid conditions of vegetation, the content of CP and NDF was lower, and therefore the level of NDSC was higher and amounted to 36.1% in the budding phase. There is a strong negative correlation between NDSC and the contents of the sum of NDF + CP and NDF alone. The correlation coefficients were 0.96 and 0.90, respectively. Among the components of neutral detergent carbohydrates, the content of non-structural carbohydrates and their proportion were determined. Both indicators decreased with the growth of the plants. Methods for the determination of protein, fiber and crude ash can be based on the use of infrared analyzers. It is important to build appropriate calibration models that are non-linear in nature. Advanced methods for building calibration models include artificial intelligence methods, namely artificial neural networks. Such a methodology can be used, for example, to recommend the optimal period of grass cutting.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>углеводы</kwd><kwd>растворимые в нейтральном детергенте</kwd><kwd>сырой протеин</kwd><kwd>нейтрально-детергентная клетчатка</kwd><kwd>фазы вегетации</kwd><kwd>неструктурные углеводы</kwd><kwd>искусственные нейронные сети</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>neutral detergent soluble carbohydrates</kwd><kwd>crude protein</kwd><kwd>neutral detergent fiber</kwd><kwd>vegetative phases</kwd><kwd>non-structural carbohydrates</kwd><kwd>artificial neural networks</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Homolka P., Koukolova V., Podsedniček M., Hlavačkova A. 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