biologyscienceТимирязевский биологический журналTimiryazev Biological Journal2949-4710ФГБОУ ВО РГАУ-МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева (ФГБОУ ВО РГАУ-МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева)10.26897/2949-4710-2025-3-2-3-01biologyscience-217Research Article3 - ГЕНЕТИКА, БИОТЕХНОЛОГИЯ, БИОХИМИЯ3 - GENETICS, BIOTECHNOLOGY, BIOCHEMISTRYГены, ассоциированные с устойчивостью льна к грибным болезнямGenes associated with flax resistance to fungal diseases: a review of breeding and genetic researchhttps://orcid.org/0009-0001-3759-9796СимагинаАнастасия СергеевнаSimaginaAnastasia S.

Анастасия Сергеевна Симагина, аспирант, ассистент кафедры генетики, селекции и семеноводства, Российский государственный аграрный университет – МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева; 127434, Российская Федерация, г. Москва, ул. Тимирязевская, 49

Anastasia S. Simagina, post-graduate student, Assistant at the Department of Genetics, Breeding and Seed Production, Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy; 49 Timiryazevskaya St., Moscow, 127434, Russian Federation

klepikova.anastasi@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2457-7253ВертиковаЕлена АлександровнаVertikovaElena A.

Елена Александровна Вертикова, д-р с.-х. наук, заведующий кафедрой генетики, селекции и семеноводства, доцент, Российский государственный аграрный университет – МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева; 127434, Российская Федерация, г. Москва, ул. Тимирязевская, 49

Elena A. Vertikova, DSc (Ag), Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Genetics, Breeding and Seed Production, Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy; 49 Timiryazevskaya St., Moscow, 127434, Russian Federation

https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9578-4611СимагинАлександр ДмитриевичSimaginAleksandr D.

Александр Дмитриевич Симагин, аспирант, ассистент кафедры генетики, селекции и семеноводства, Российский государственный аграрный университет – МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева; 127434, Российская Федерация, г. Москва, ул. Тимирязевская, 49

Aleksandr D. Simagin, post-graduate student, Assistant at the Department of Genetics, Breeding and Seed Production, Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy; 49 Timiryazevskaya St., Moscow, 127434, Russian Federation

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0384-9571БарнашоваЕкатерина КонстантиновнаBarnashovaEkaterina K.

Барнашова Екатерина Константиновна, доцент кафедры генетики, селекции и семеноводства, канд. с.-х. наук, Российский государственный аграрный университет – МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева; 127434, Российская Федерация, г. Москва, ул. Тимирязевская, 49

Ekaterina K. Barnashova, CSc (Ag), Associate Professor at the Department of Genetics, Breeding and Seed Production, Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy; 49 Timiryazevskaya St., Moscow, 127434, Russian Federation

Российский государственный аграрный университет – МСХА имени К.А. ТимирязеваРоссияRussian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural AcademyRussian Federation20251511202532202532301202532301Copyright © Симагина А.С., Вертикова Е.А., Симагин А.Д., Барнашова Е.К., 20252025Симагина А.С., Вертикова Е.А., Симагин А.Д., Барнашова Е.К.Simagina A.S., Vertikova E.A., Simagin A.D., Barnashova E.K.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.bioscience-journal.com/jour/article/view/217

Представлен обзор, целью которого является рассмотрение текущих генетических исследований и прогресса в области устойчивости льна к грибным заболеваниям, а также возможности применения маркер-опосредованной и геномной селекции для улучшения сортов. Ключевыми задачами являются анализ и систематизация данных в селекционно-генетических исследованиях льна, а также оценка перспектив их дальнейшего использования в области агробиотехнологии. В работе упомянуты основные статьи, связанные с изучением признаков устойчивости льна-долгунца к различным заболеваниям. Статья систематизирует ранее опубликованные исследования о генах, ассоциированных с устойчивостью льна к возбудителям основных грибных болезней.

This review aims to examine current genetic research and progress in flax resistance to fungal diseases, as well as the potential application of marker-assisted and genomic selection for cultivar improvement. Key objectives include analyzing and systematizing data in flax breeding and genetic studies, and evaluating the prospects for their further application in the field of agrobiotechnology. The work mentions key articles related to the study of flax resistance traits to various diseases. The article systematizes previously published studies on genes associated with flax resistance to pathogens of major fungal diseases.

Linum usitatissimumгеномная селекциялен масличныйлен-долгунецмаркер-ориентированная селекцияRNA-seqфузариозное увяданиержавчинасепториозLinum usitatissimumgenomic selectionoilseed flaxfiber flaxmarker-assisted selectionRNA-seqfusarium wiltrustseptoria blotchReferences1. Kutuzova S.N., Porokhovinova E.A., Brutch N.B., Pavlov A.V. Worldwide gene pool of fiber flax at VIR, and breeding of rust-resistant varieties. Proceedings on Applied Botany, Genetics and Breeding. 2020;181(2):57-64. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.30901/2227-8834-2020-2-57-641. Kutuzova S.N., Porokhovinova E.A., Brutch N.B., Pavlov A.V. Worldwide gene pool of fiber flax at VIR, and breeding of rust-resistant varieties. Proceedings on Applied Botany, Genetics and Breeding. 2020;181(2):57-64. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.30901/2227-8834-2020-2-57-64Bazanov T.A., Uschapovsky I.V., Loginova N.N., Smirnova E.V. et al. Molecular genetic diversity of flax cultivars (Linum usitatissimum L.) represented in the State Register for selection achievements of the Russian Federation. Proceedings on Applied Botany, Genetics and Breeding. 2023;184(1):163-176. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.30901/2227-8834-2023-1-163-176Bazanov T.A., Uschapovsky I.V., Loginova N.N., Smirnova E.V. et al. Molecular genetic diversity of flax cultivars (Linum usitatissimum L.) represented in the State Register for selection achievements of the Russian Federation. Proceedings on Applied Botany, Genetics and Breeding. 2023;184(1):163-176. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.30901/2227-8834-2023-1-163-176Simagin A.D., Simagina A.S., Zakharova S.A., Vertikova E.A. Bioresource collection of flax of the Department of Genetics, Breeding and Seed Production of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of the Russian Academy of Agriculture named after K.A. Timiryazev. 7-ya Mezhdunarodnaya konferentsiya, posvyashchennaya 95-letiyu akademika RAN P.L. Goncharova ‘Genofond i selektsiya rasteniy’. April 10-12, 2024. Novosibirsk, Russia: Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, 2024:314-316. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.18699/GPB2024-79Simagin A.D., Simagina A.S., Zakharova S.A., Vertikova E.A. Bioresource collection of flax of the Department of Genetics, Breeding and Seed Production of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of the Russian Academy of Agriculture named after K.A. Timiryazev. 7-ya Mezhdunarodnaya konferentsiya, posvyashchennaya 95-letiyu akademika RAN P.L. Goncharova ‘Genofond i selektsiya rasteniy’. April 10-12, 2024. Novosibirsk, Russia: Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, 2024:314-316. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.18699/GPB2024-79Loshakova N.I., Krylova T.V., Kudryavtseva L.P. Methodical guidelines for phytopathological assessment of flax resistance to diseases. Moscow, Russia: Izd-vo RASKhN, 2000:22-26. (In Russ.)Loshakova N.I., Krylova T.V., Kudryavtseva L.P. Methodical guidelines for phytopathological assessment of flax resistance to diseases. Moscow, Russia: Izd-vo RASKhN, 2000:22-26. (In Russ.)Rozhmina T.A., Zhuchenko A.A., Myasnikova A.V. New genes for resistance to fusaria wilt in Linum usitatisimum L. Kormoproizvodstvo. 2024;(9):19-22. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.30906/1562-0417-2024-9-19-22Rozhmina T.A., Zhuchenko A.A., Myasnikova A.V. New genes for resistance to fusaria wilt in Linum usitatisimum L. Kormoproizvodstvo. 2024;(9):19-22. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.30906/1562-0417-2024-9-19-22Simagin A.D., Khanbabaeva O.E., Popchenko M.I., Kudryavtseva L.P. Assessment of the flax varieties resistance to fusarium wilt. Bulletin of KSAU. 2023;(8(197)):39-46. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.36718/1819-4036-2023-8-39-46Simagin A.D., Khanbabaeva O.E., Popchenko M.I., Kudryavtseva L.P. Assessment of the flax varieties resistance to fusarium wilt. Bulletin of KSAU. 2023;(8(197)):39-46. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.36718/1819-4036-2023-8-39-46Rozhmina T.A., Golubeva L.M. Effective genes of resistance to fusarium wilt in modern fiber flax varieties. Maslichnye kultury. Nauchno-tekhnicheskiy byulleten Vserossiyskogo nauchno-issledovatelskogo instituta maslichnykh kultur. 2018;(4(176)):37-41. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.25230/2412-608X-2018-4-176-37-41Rozhmina T.A., Golubeva L.M. Effective genes of resistance to fusarium wilt in modern fiber flax varieties. Maslichnye kultury. Nauchno-tekhnicheskiy byulleten Vserossiyskogo nauchno-issledovatelskogo instituta maslichnykh kultur. 2018;(4(176)):37-41. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.25230/2412-608X-2018-4-176-37-41Kanapin A, Bankin M, RozhminaT, Samsonova A. et al. Genomic Regions Associated with Fusarium Wilt Resistance in Flax. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021;22(22):12383. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222212383Kanapin A, Bankin M, RozhminaT, Samsonova A. et al. Genomic Regions Associated with Fusarium Wilt Resistance in Flax. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021;22(22):12383. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms222212383Akhmetshina A.O., Strygina K.V., Khlestkina E.K., Porokhovinova E.A. et al. High-throughput sequencing techniques to flax genetics and breeding. Ecological Genetics. 2020;18(1):103-124. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.17816/ecogen16126Akhmetshina A.O., Strygina K.V., Khlestkina E.K., Porokhovinova E.A. et al. High-throughput sequencing techniques to flax genetics and breeding. Ecological Genetics. 2020;18(1):103-124. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.17816/ecogen16126Dodds P.N., Lawrence G.J., Ellis J.G. Six amino acid changes confined to the leucine-rich repeat beta-strand/beta-turn motif determine the difference between the P and P2 rust resistance specificities in flax. Plant Cell. 2001;13(1):163-178. https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.13.1.163Dodds P.N., Lawrence G.J., Ellis J.G. Six amino acid changes confined to the leucine-rich repeat beta-strand/beta-turn motif determine the difference between the P and P2 rust resistance specificities in flax. Plant Cell. 2001;13(1):163-178. https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.13.1.163Rozhmina T.A., Proletova N.V., Ushchapovskiy I.V. Flax resistance to fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f. Lini) at early breeding. Kormoproizvodstvo. 2022;(9.):22-26. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.25685/KRM.2022.67.17.002Rozhmina T.A., Proletova N.V., Ushchapovskiy I.V. Flax resistance to fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f. Lini) at early breeding. Kormoproizvodstvo. 2022;(9.):22-26. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.25685/KRM.2022.67.17.002Rozhmina T.A., Kanapin A.A., Bankin M.P., Samsonova M.G. Identification of two QTLs contolling flax resistance to fusarium wilt. Biofizika. 2024;69(1):69-76. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31857/S0006302924010072Rozhmina T.A., Kanapin A.A., Bankin M.P., Samsonova M.G. Identification of two QTLs contolling flax resistance to fusarium wilt. Biofizika. 2024;69(1):69-76. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.31857/S0006302924010072Rozhmina T.A., Myasnikova A.V. Identification of resistance genes to Fusarium wilt in oil flax samples with different fatty acid composition. Agricultural Science Euro-North-East. 2023;24(6):980-988. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.30766/2072-9081.2023.24.6.980-988Rozhmina T.A., Myasnikova A.V. Identification of resistance genes to Fusarium wilt in oil flax samples with different fatty acid composition. Agricultural Science Euro-North-East. 2023;24(6):980-988. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.30766/2072-9081.2023.24.6.980-988Periyannan S, Milne R.J., Figueroa M., Lagudah E.S. et. al. An overview of genetic rust resistance: From broad to specific mechanisms. PLoS Pathog. 2017;13(7):e1006380. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006380Periyannan S, Milne R.J., Figueroa M., Lagudah E.S. et. al. An overview of genetic rust resistance: From broad to specific mechanisms. PLoS Pathog. 2017;13(7):e1006380. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006380Kurchakova L.N. Ecological and genetic aspects of flax resistance to septoria (pasmo) in the selection of fiber flax: DSc (Ag) thesis. Torzhok, Russia, 2009:284. (In Russ.)Kurchakova L.N. Ecological and genetic aspects of flax resistance to septoria (pasmo) in the selection of fiber flax: DSc (Ag) thesis. Torzhok, Russia, 2009:284. (In Russ.)Erofeeva V.S., Proletova N.V. Biotechnological methods in the selection of flax for resistance to adverse environmental factors. Technical Crops. Scientific Agricultural Journal. 2022;(3(5)):3-13. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.54016/SVITOK.2022.80.68.001Erofeeva V.S., Proletova N.V. Biotechnological methods in the selection of flax for resistance to adverse environmental factors. Technical Crops. Scientific Agricultural Journal. 2022;(3(5)):3-13. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.54016/SVITOK.2022.80.68.001You F.M., Rashid K.Y., Zheng C., Khan N et al. Insights into the Genetic Architecture and Genomic Prediction of Powdery Mildew Resistance in Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.). International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022;23(9):4960. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23094960You F.M., Rashid K.Y., Zheng C., Khan N et al. Insights into the Genetic Architecture and Genomic Prediction of Powdery Mildew Resistance in Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.). International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022;23(9):4960. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23094960Kudryavtseva L.P., Rozhmina T.A. Flax genotypes with horizontal resistance to pasmo (septoria) for breeding purposes. Agrarian Science. 2023;(5):78-82. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.32634/0869-8155-2023-370-5-78-82Kudryavtseva L.P., Rozhmina T.A. Flax genotypes with horizontal resistance to pasmo (septoria) for breeding purposes. Agrarian Science. 2023;(5):78-82. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.32634/0869-8155-2023-370-5-78-82He L., Xiao J., Rashid K.Y., Jia G. et al. Evaluation of Genomic Prediction for Pasmo Resistance in Flax. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2019;20(2):359. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20020359He L., Xiao J., Rashid K.Y., Jia G. et al. Evaluation of Genomic Prediction for Pasmo Resistance in Flax. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2019;20(2):359. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20020359He L., Sui Y., Che Y., Wang H. et al. Genome-wide association studies using multi-models and multi-SNP datasets provide new insights into pasmo resistance in flax. Frontiers in Plant Science. 2023;14:1229457. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2023.1229457He L., Sui Y., Che Y., Wang H. et al. Genome-wide association studies using multi-models and multi-SNP datasets provide new insights into pasmo resistance in flax. Frontiers in Plant Science. 2023;14:1229457. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2023.1229457He L., Xiao J., Rashid K.Y., Yao Z. et al. Genome-Wide Association Studies for Pasmo Resistance in Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.). Frontiers in Plant Science. 2019;961982. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.01982He L., Xiao J., Rashid K.Y., Yao Z. et al. Genome-Wide Association Studies for Pasmo Resistance in Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.). Frontiers in Plant Science. 2019;961982. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.01982Jannink J.L., Lorenz A.J., Iwata H. Genomic selection in plant breeding: from theory to practice. Briefings in Functional Genomics. 2010;9(2):166-177. https://doi.org/10.1093/bfgp/elq001Jannink J.L., Lorenz A.J., Iwata H. Genomic selection in plant breeding: from theory to practice. Briefings in Functional Genomics. 2010;9(2):166-177. https://doi.org/10.1093/bfgp/elq001

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.