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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">biologyscience</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Тимирязевский биологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Timiryazev Biological Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2949-4710</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБОУ ВО РГАУ-МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева (ФГБОУ ВО РГАУ-МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26897/2949-4710-2025-3-1-1-03</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">biologyscience-219</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>1 - БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ РЕСУРСЫ, ЭКОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>1 - BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES, ECOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Промежуточные результаты изучения влияния капсулированного карбамида на урожайность и эффективность использования азота яровой пшеницей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Interim results of the study of the effect of coated urea on yield  and nitrogen use efficiency of spring wheat</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Баюрина</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bayurina</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дарья Андреевна Баюрина, студент 2 курса магистратуры</p><p>127434, г. Москва, ул. Тимирязевская, 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Daria A. Bayurina, 2nd year Master’s student</p><p>49 Timiryazevskaya St., Moscow, 127434</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">0864579@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9773-2077</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лапушкин</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lapushkin</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Всеволод Михайлович Лапушкин, доцент, канд. биол. наук</p><p>127434, г. Москва, ул. Тимирязевская, 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vsevolod M. Lapushkin, CSc (Bio), Associate Professor</p><p>49 Timiryazevskaya St., Moscow, 127434</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lapushkin@rgau-msha.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский государственный аграрный университет – МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>3</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>202531103</fpage><lpage>202531103</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Баюрина Д.А., Лапушкин В.М., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Баюрина Д.А., Лапушкин В.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bayurina D.A., Lapushkin V.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.bioscience-journal.com/jour/article/view/219">https://www.bioscience-journal.com/jour/article/view/219</self-uri><abstract><p>Применение азотных удобрений сопряжено с существенными потерями азота, в результате чего коэффициент его использования в полевых условиях редко превышает 50%. Капсулирование удобрений способно снизить непроизводительные потери азота, повысить коэффициент его использования и урожайность сельскохозяйственных культур. В статье приведены промежуточные результаты многолетних исследований эффективности капсулированного карбамида. В условиях полевого опыта на дерново-подзолистой легкосуглинистой почве показано, что применение мочевины с минеральным покрытием гранул обеспечивало более высокий уровень азотного питания растений. Это способствовало повышению урожайности яровой пшеницы на 6-12% относительно обычного удобрения, увеличению хозяйственного выноса азота на 6-11% и коэффициента использования азота на 8-16%. В модельном лабораторном опыте установлено, что при поверхностном применении мочевины потери аммиака на 3-5-е сутки снижались на 27-17% на кислой почве и на 63-38% – на известкованной, и как следствие – содержание минеральных форм азота в почве при применении карбамида с покрытием было выше на 28-30%.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Nitrogen fertilizer use is often accompanied by significant nitrogen losses, resulting in a field-level utilization coefficient that rarely exceeds 50%. Fertilizer encapsulation offers a strategy to reduce these unproductive nitrogen losses, potentially increasing both the utilization coefficient and crop yields. This article presents interim results from long-term studies evaluating the effectiveness of coated urea. A field experiment conducted on sod-podzolic light loamy soil demonstrated that urea with a mineral coating enhanced nitrogen nutrition in plants. This resulted in a 6-12% increase in spring wheat yield compared to conventional fertilizer, a 6-11% increase in economic nitrogen removal, and an 8-16% increase in the nitrogen utilization coefficient. A model laboratory experiment revealed that surface application of coated urea reduced ammonia losses by 27-17% on acidic soil and by 63-38% on limed soil during the 3rd-5th day after application. Consequently, the content of mineral nitrogen forms in the soil was 28-30% higher when using coated urea.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>яровая пшеница</kwd><kwd>карбамид</kwd><kwd>мочевина</kwd><kwd>урожайность</kwd><kwd>коэффициент использования</kwd><kwd>вынос</kwd><kwd>аммонификация</kwd><kwd>нитрификация</kwd><kwd>потери азота</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>spring wheat</kwd><kwd>urea</kwd><kwd>carbamide</kwd><kwd>yield</kwd><kwd>utilization coefficient</kwd><kwd>removal</kwd><kwd>ammonification</kwd><kwd>nitrification</kwd><kwd>nitrogen losses</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена за счет средств Программы развития университета в рамках Программы стратегического академического лидерства «Приоритет-2030».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was funded by the special project of University development within “Strategic Academic Leadership Program ‘Priority 2030.’”</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Российская ассоциация производителей удобрений (РАПУ). 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