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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">biologyscience</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Тимирязевский биологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Timiryazev Biological Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2949-4710</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБОУ ВО РГАУ-МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева (ФГБОУ ВО РГАУ-МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26897/2949-4710-2025-3-4-1-05</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">biologyscience-255</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>1 - БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ РЕСУРСЫ, ЭКОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>1 - BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES, ECOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Агроэкологическая оценка базального дыхания почвы склонового агроландшафта Автономного края Воеводина Республики Сербия</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Agroecological assessment of the basal soil respiration in the slope agrolandscape of the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, Republic of Serbia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5621-6308</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Габечая</surname><given-names>Валерия Вячеславовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gabechaya</surname><given-names>Valeriya V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Валерия Вячеславовна Габечая, старший преподаватель кафедры экологии, Российский государственный аграрный университет – МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valeriya V. Gabechaya, Senior Lecturer at the Department of Ecology, Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gabechaya@rgau-msha.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0760-665X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андреева</surname><given-names>Ирина Викторовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Andreeva</surname><given-names>Irina V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ирина Викторовна Андреева, кандидат биологических наук, доцент, доцент кафедры экологии, Российский государственный аграрный университет – МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina V. Andreeva, CSc (Bio), Associate Professor, Associate Professor at the Department of Ecology, Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">i.andreeva@rgau-msha.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2482-1949</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Морев</surname><given-names>Дмитрий Владимирович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Morev</surname><given-names>Dmitriy V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Владимирович Морев, канд. биол. наук, доцент кафедры экологии, Российский государственный аграрный университет – МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitriy V. Morev, CSc (Bio), Associate Professor at the Department of Ecology, Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dmorev@rgau-msha.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9127-9569</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васенев</surname><given-names>Иван Иванович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasenev</surname><given-names>Ivan I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иван Иванович Васенев, доктор биол. наук, профессор, профессор кафедры экологии, Российский государственный аграрный университет – МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan I. Vasenev, DSc (Bio), Professor, Professor at the Department of Ecology, Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vasenev@rgau-msha.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8372-2209</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Таллер</surname><given-names>Евгений Борисович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Taller</surname><given-names>Evgeniy B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Евгений Борисович Таллер, канд. с.-х. наук, доцент, доцент кафедры экологии, Российский государственный аграрный университет – МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniy B. Taller, CSc (Ag), Associate Professor, Associate Professor at the Department of Ecology, Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">etallereb@rgau-msha.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский государственный аграрный университет – МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>3</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>105</fpage><lpage>105</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Габечая В.В., Андреева И.В., Морев Д.В., Васенев И.И., Таллер Е.Б., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Габечая В.В., Андреева И.В., Морев Д.В., Васенев И.И., Таллер Е.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gabechaya V.V., Andreeva I.V., Morev D.V., Vasenev I.I., Taller E.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.bioscience-journal.com/jour/article/view/255">https://www.bioscience-journal.com/jour/article/view/255</self-uri><abstract><p>В условиях интенсификации сельского хозяйства оценка экологического состояния почв, особенно в уязвимых агроландшафтах – таких, как склоновые виноградники, приобретает особую актуальность. Целью исследований являлась агроэкологическая оценка функционального состояния почв виноградника интенсивного типа и прилегающих территорий в пределах склоновых катен в горном ландшафте Автономного края Воеводина Республики Сербия на основе базального дыхания. Скорость базального дыхания определялась методом газовой хроматографии, содержание органического вещества – спектрофотометрически, корреляционный анализ применялся для выявления взаимосвязи рассматриваемых показателей. Агроэкологическое состояние почв виноградника, технологической колеи и залежной почвы под луговой растительностью характеризовалось значительной пространственной неоднородностью, которая была детерминирована комплексом разнонаправленно действующих факторов: положением в мезорельефе, агроклиматическими факторами, интенсивностью агрогенной нагрузки. Обнаружены признаки многолетнего периодического эрозионно-аккумулятивного перераспределения мелкозема пахотного горизонта почвы под виноградниками по склонам катен, приводящее к обеднению поверхностных горизонтов органическим веществом до глубины 15 см и его накоплением в горизонте 15–30 см. Наиболее высокая скорость базального дыхания установлена в постагрогенной почве (0.893 мкг CO2-С г-1почвы·ч-1) со снижением в почве виноградников в 1.2–2.0 раза. Скорость базального дыхания почвы на склоне южной экспозиции оказалась в 1.2–1.5 раза выше, чем в северной, – вероятно, в силу частичной компенсации негативного влияния плоскостной эрозии более благоприятным температурно-влажностным режимом. Наиболее стрессовые условия для функционирования почвенной микробиоты обнаружены в технологических колеях, где скорость базального дыхания (0.219 мкг CO₂-С·г⁻¹·ч⁻¹) была в 4.1 раза ниже по сравнению с залежной почвой. Таким образом, полученные данные свидетельствуют о существенной депрессии почвенной микробиоты в наиболее нарушенных элементах агроландшафта и подчеркивают необходимость адаптации применяемых агротехнологий для склоновых земель. Определение биологической активности почвы, оцениваемой по скорости базального дыхания, полезно в качестве интегрального диагностического параметра как для оценки текущего функционального состояния почвенной экосистемы, так и для прогноза возникновения проблемных экологических ситуаций в результате многолетней эксплуатации склоновых агроландшафтов в будущем.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In conditions of intensified agriculture, assessing the ecological status of soils, especially in vulnerable agrolandscapes such as slope vineyards, is becoming increasingly important. This study aimed to perform an agroecological assessment of the functional state of soils in an intensive vineyard and adjacent areas within slope catenas in the mountain landscape of the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, Republic of Serbia, based on basal soil respiration. Basal respiration rate was determined by gas chromatography, soil organic matter content was measured by spectrophotometry, and correlation analysis was used to identify relationships between the studied parameters. The agroecological state of the vineyard soil, the wheel track soil, and the fallow soil under meadow vegetation was characterized by significant spatial heterogeneity, determined by a complex of multidirectional factors: position in the mesorelief, agroclimatic factors, and the intensity of agrogenic load. Signs of long-term periodic erosion-accumulative redistribution of the topsoil (loamy fine earth) under vineyards along the catena slopes were identified. This leads to the depletion of organic matter in the surface horizons down to 15 cm depth and its accumulation in the 15–30 cm horizon. The highest basal respiration rate was found in the post-agrogenic (fallow) soil (0.893 μg CO₂-C·g⁻¹·h⁻¹), with a a 1.2–2.0-fold decrease in vineyard soils. The basal respiration rate on the south-facing slope was 1.2–1.5 times higher than on the north-facing one, probably due to the partial compensation of the negative impact of sheet erosion by a more favorable thermal-moisture regime. The most stressful conditions for soil microbiota functioning were found in the wheel tracks, where the basal respiration rate (0.219 μg CO₂-C·g⁻¹·h⁻¹) was 4.1 times lower compared to the fallow soil. Thus, the obtained data indicate a significant depression of soil microbiota in the most disturbed elements of the agrolandscape and underscore the need to adapt applied agrotechnologies for slope lands. Determining soil biological activity, assessed via basal respiration rate, is useful as an integrative diagnostic parameter for both evaluating the current functional state of the soil ecosystem and for forecasting potential environmental problems resulting from the long-term use of slope agrolandscapes in the future.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Базальное дыхание</kwd><kwd>органическое вещество почвы</kwd><kwd>виноградник</kwd><kwd>склон</kwd><kwd>катена</kwd><kwd>биологическая активность почвы</kwd><kwd>бурые лесные почвы</kwd><kwd>Eutric Cambisols</kwd><kwd>Фрушка Гора</kwd><kwd>Сербия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Basal respiration</kwd><kwd>soil organic matter</kwd><kwd>vineyard</kwd><kwd>slope</kwd><kwd>catena</kwd><kwd>soil biological activity</kwd><kwd>brown forest soil</kwd><kwd>Eutric Cambisols</kwd><kwd>Fruška Gora</kwd><kwd>Serbia</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Visconti F., López R., Olego M.А. 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