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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">biologyscience</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Тимирязевский биологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Timiryazev Biological Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2949-4710</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБОУ ВО РГАУ-МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева (ФГБОУ ВО РГАУ-МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26897/2949-4710-2026-4-1-4-01</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">biologyscience-309</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>4 - ЗООЛОГИЯ, ФИЗИОЛОГИЯ ЧЕЛОВЕКА И ЖИВОТНЫХ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>4 - ZOOLOGY, HUMAN AND ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Физиологические механизмы адаптации организма студентов к силовым нагрузкам</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Physiological mechanisms of students’ adaptation to strength training</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1490-5539</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никитченко</surname><given-names>Сергей Юрьевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikitchenko</surname><given-names>Sergey Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Юрьевич Никитченко, кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, доцент кафедры физической культуры</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey Yu. Nikitchenko, CSc (Ag), Associate Professor at the Department of Physical Education</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sernik@rgau-msha.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сорокин</surname><given-names>Денис Викторович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sorokin</surname><given-names>Denis V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Денис Викторович Сорокин, кандидат педагогических наук, доцент кафедры физической культуры</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Denis V. Sorokin, CSc (Ed), Associate Professor at the Department of Physical Education</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мусаев</surname><given-names>Исмаил Саид-Хасанович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Musaev</surname><given-names>Ismail S.-Kh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Исмаил Саид-Хасанович Мусаев, старший преподаватель кафедры физической культуры</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ismail S.-Kh. Musaev, Senior Lecturer at the Department of Physical Education</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский государственный аграрный университет – МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>4</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>401</fpage><lpage>401</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Никитченко С.Ю., Сорокин Д.В., Мусаев И.С., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Никитченко С.Ю., Сорокин Д.В., Мусаев И.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nikitchenko S.Y., Sorokin D.V., Musaev I.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.bioscience-journal.com/jour/article/view/309">https://www.bioscience-journal.com/jour/article/view/309</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследований – анализ физиологических механизмов адаптации организма студентов к регулярным силовым нагрузкам на основе оценки показателей сердечно-сосудистой системы, вариабельности сердечного ритма, мышечной силы и субъективной переносимости нагрузок. В исследованиях приняли участие студенты Российского государственного аграрного университета – МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева в возрасте 19–25 лет, систематически занимающиеся силовыми видами физической подготовки. Результаты исследований показали, что систематические силовые нагрузки способствуют формированию устойчивых адаптационных изменений, проявляющихся в повышении парасимпатического влияния на сердечный ритм, снижении частоты сердечных сокращений в покое и увеличении функциональных резервов сердечно-сосудистой системы. На уровне опорно-двигательного аппарата отмечалось увеличение мышечной силы и улучшение нейромышечной координации. Установлено, что адекватная периодизация силовых нагрузок и достаточное восстановление являются ключевыми факторами формирования положительных адаптационных реакций. Полученные данные подтверждают, что физиологическая адаптация студентов к силовым нагрузкам носит системный характер и зависит от интенсивности, объема и регулярности тренировочного воздействия. Практическая значимость исследований заключается в возможности использования полученных результатов для оптимизации программ силовой подготовки студентов, профилактики перенапряжения и повышения общей физической работоспособности.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The study aims to analyze the physiological mechanisms of students’ adaptation to regular strength training, based on the assessment of cardiovascular system indicators, heart rate variability, muscle strength, and subjective load tolerance. The study involved students aged 19–25 from the Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy who regularly engage in strength training. The results showed that systematic strength training promotes stable adaptive changes, manifested as increased parasympathetic influence on heart rate, reduced resting heart rate, and enhanced functional reserves of the cardiovascular system. At the level of the musculoskeletal system, an increase in muscle strength and improved neuromuscular coordination were observed. It was established that adequate periodization of strength training and sufficient recovery are key factors in forming positive adaptive responses. The findings confirm that students’ physiological adaptation to strength training is systemic and depends on the training intensity, volume, and regularity. The practical significance of the study lies in the potential to use the results for optimizing strength training programs for students, preventing overstrain, and enhancing overall physical performance.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Cиловые нагрузки</kwd><kwd>адаптация</kwd><kwd>студенты</kwd><kwd>физиология</kwd><kwd>мышечная сила</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Strength training</kwd><kwd>adaptation</kwd><kwd>students</kwd><kwd>physiology</kwd><kwd>muscle strength</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Addleman J.S., Lackey N.S., DeBlauw J.A., Hajduczok A.G. Heart rate variability applications in strength and conditioning: a narrative review. 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