biologyscienceТимирязевский биологический журналTimiryazev Biological Journal2949-4710ФГБОУ ВО РГАУ-МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева (ФГБОУ ВО РГАУ-МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева)10.26897/2949-4710-2026-4-1-3-02biologyscience-324Research Article3 - ГЕНЕТИКА, БИОТЕХНОЛОГИЯ, БИОХИМИЯ3 - GENETICS, BIOTECHNOLOGY, BIOCHEMISTRYМаркерная оценка внутристадного родства и сигналов недавнего демографического сужения у овец андийской породы по данным 12-локусной STR-панелиMarker-based assessment of intra-flock relatedness and signals of recent demographic bottleneck in Andi sheep using a 12-Locus STR panelhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2150-2192ОздемировАлимсолтан АхмедовичOzdemirovAlimsoltan A. 

Алимсолтан Ахмедович Оздемиров, кандидат биологических наук, заведующий лабораторией геномных исследований, селекции и племенного дела

Alimsoltan A. Ozdemirov, CSc (Bio), Head of the Laboratory of Genomic Research, Selection and Breeding

alim72@mail.ruФедеральный аграрный научный центр Республики ДагестанРоссияFederal Agrarian Scientific Center of the Republic of DagestanRussian Federation20261105202641302302Copyright © Оздемиров А.А., 20262026Оздемиров А.А.Ozdemirov A.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.bioscience-journal.com/jour/article/view/324

В статье представлены маркерная оценка внутристадного родства и диагностика признаков недавнего демографического сужения у овец андийской породы по данным 12-локусной STR-панели. Материалом исследовании служили 40 овцематок андийской породы, генотипированных по 12 аутосомным STR-локусам. Средний FIS по панели составил 0.026. Для 780 уникальных попарных сравнений среднее значение r составило 0.305, медиана – 0.292, доля пар с r ≥ 0.25 достигала 78.8%, а 58 пар находились в интервале 0.45-0.55. Агрегированное распределение частот аллелей имело L-образный профиль без смещения моды, средний M-ratio составил 0.730, медиана – 0.733, что не поддерживает гипотезу о недавнем сильном демографическом сужении. Полученные результаты указывают на заметную внутристадную родственную связанность при отсутствии признаков недавнего резкого демографического сужения. Основные генетические риски для исследуемого стада, вероятно, связаны не с недавней демографической катастрофой, а с семейственной структурой и ограниченным использованием производителей. Практическая значимость работы заключается в обосновании необходимости регулярного маркерного мониторинга родственных связей при сохранении и племенном использовании овец андийской породы.

The study presents a marker-based assessment of intra-flock relatedness and diagnostics of recent demographic bottleneck signs in Andi sheep using data from a 12-locus STR panel. The research material consisted of 40 Andi ewes genotyped across 12 autosomal STR loci. The mean panel-wide FIS was 0.026. For 780 unique pairwise comparisons the mean r value was 0.305, the median value was 0.292, the proportion of pairs with r ≥ 0.25 reached 78.8%, and 58 pairs fell within the range of 0.45-0.55. The aggregated allele-frequency distribution showed an L-shaped profile without mode shift. The mean M-ratio was 0.730, with a median of 0.733, which does not support the hypothesis of a recent severe demographic bottleneck. The results indicate significant intra-flock relatedness in the absence of recent sharp demographic bottleneck signs. The main genetic risks for the studied flock are likely associated not with recent demographic collapse but with family structure and limited use of breeding rams. The practical significance of the study lies in substantiating the need for regular marker-based monitoring of relatedness when preserving and breeding Andi sheep.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.