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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">biologyscience</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Тимирязевский биологический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Timiryazev Biological Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2949-4710</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ФГБОУ ВО РГАУ-МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева (ФГБОУ ВО РГАУ-МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева)</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26897/2949-4710-2026-4-1-1-05</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">biologyscience-331</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>1 - БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ РЕСУРСЫ, ЭКОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>1 - BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES, ECOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Изменения процесса пролиферации кардиомиоцитов озерной лягушки Pelophylax ridibundus (Pallas, 1771) под действием ионов кадмия</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Changes in cardiomyocyte proliferation process of the lake frog Pelophylax ridibundus (Pallas, 1771) under the effect of cadmium ions</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2701-9225</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Руденко</surname><given-names>Елена Юрьевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rudenko</surname><given-names>Elena Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Юрьевна Руденко, доктор биологических наук, доцент, профессор кафедры морфологии ИАМ</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena Yu. Rudenko, DSc (Bio), Associate Professor, Professor at the Department of Morphology of the Anatomy and Morphology Institute</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">e_rudenko@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6539-9875</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Милютин</surname><given-names>Максим Викторович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Milyutin</surname><given-names>Maksim V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Максим Викторович Милютин, кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, доцент кафедры анатомии человека медицинского факультета</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maksim V. Milyutin, CSc (Med), Associate Professor, Associate Professor at the Department of Human Anatomy of the Faculty of Medicine</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mv-syktyvkar@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2696-2320</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Агаркова</surname><given-names>Алиса Анатольевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Agarkova</surname><given-names>Alisa A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алиса Анатольевна Агаркова, кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, ассистент кафедры морфологии и ветеринарно-санитарной экспертизы</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alisa A. Agarkova, CSc (Ag), Assistant at the Department of Morphology and Veterinary and Sanitary Expertise</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">agarkova-vasilisa@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0911-9791</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кубатбеков</surname><given-names>Турсумбай Сатымбаевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kubatbekov</surname><given-names>Tursumbai S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Турсумбай Сатымбаевич Кубатбеков, доктор биологических наук, профессор кафедры морфологии и ветеринарно-санитарной экспертизы</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tursumbai S. Kubatbekov, DSc (Bio), Professor at the Department of Morphology and Veterinary and Sanitary Expertise</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tursumbai61@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Обнинский институт атомной энергетики НИЯУ МИФИ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Obninsk Institute for Nuclear Power Engineering, National Research Nuclear University “MEPhI”</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский государственный аграрный университет – МСХА имени К.А. Тимирязева</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>4</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>105</fpage><lpage>105</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Руденко Е.Ю., Милютин М.В., Агаркова А.А., Кубатбеков Т.С., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Руденко Е.Ю., Милютин М.В., Агаркова А.А., Кубатбеков Т.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rudenko E.Y., Milyutin M.V., Agarkova A.A., Kubatbekov T.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.bioscience-journal.com/jour/article/view/331">https://www.bioscience-journal.com/jour/article/view/331</self-uri><abstract><p>Исследовали изменения процесса пролиферации кардиомиоцитов озерной лягушки Pelophylax ridibundus (Pallas, 1771) в период метаморфоза головастиков, происходящие под действием различных концентраций ионов кадмия. Личинок озерной лягушки выращивали в прудовой воде, содержащей 0.002 мг/л, 0.02 мг/л и 0.1 мг/л ионов кадмия. Для получения изолированных кардиомиоцитов использовали метод щелочной диссоциации тканей. В мазках изолированных клеток подсчитывали митотический индекс (процентное содержание делящихся клеток) и индекс двуядерных кардиомиоцитов (процентное содержание двуядерных клеток). Проведенные исследования показали, что развитие головастиков озерной лягушки в воде, содержащей различные концентрации ионов кадмия, не вызывает существенных изменений морфологии сердечных миоцитов. Большинство кардиомиоцитов имеют цилиндрическую форму, овальное, центрально расположенное ядро и небольшое количество боковых и концевых отростков. Наряду с одноядерными встречаются и двуядерные кардиомиоциты. Под влиянием на организм головастиков озерной лягушки ионов кадмия в различных концентрациях, содержащихся в среде обитания личинок озерной лягушки, в период метаморфоза головастиков в молодых лягушат происходит угнетение пролиферативной активности сердечных мышечных клеток предсердий и желудочка на всех изученных стадиях развития, которое особенно заметно при воздействии на организм ионов кадмия в концентрации 0.02 мг/л. При этом наблюдается закономерное снижение индекса двуядерных кардиомиоцитов в предсердии и желудочке сердца озерной лягушки. Изменение протекания процесса пролиферации сердечных миоцитов может быть обусловлено нарушением синтеза или структурной организации белков цитоскелета, принимающих участие в формировании веретена деления и расхождении хромосом в анафазе митоза.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The study investigated changes in the cardiomyocyte proliferation process of the lake frog Pelophylax ridibundus (Pallas, 1771) during tadpole metamorphosis under the effect of various concentrations of cadmium ions. Lake frog larva were raised in pond water containing 0.002 mg/L, 0.02 mg/L, and 0.1 mg/L of cadmium ions. The alkaline tissue dissociation method was used to obtain isolated cardiomyocytes. The mitotic index (percentage of dividing cells) and the index of binucleated cardiomyocytes (percentage of binucleated cells) were counted in smears of isolated cells. The research showed that the development of lake frog tadpoles in water containing various concentrations of cadmium ions did not cause significant changes in the morphology of cardiac myocytes. Most cardiomyocytes had a cylindrical shape, an oval centrally located nucleus, and a small number of lateral and terminal processes. Both uninucleated and binucleated cardiomyocytes were present. Under the effect of cadmium ions at various concentrations in the tadpoles’ environment during the metamorphosis period, there was an inhibition of proliferative activity of cardiac muscle cells in the atria and ventricle at all studied developmental stages. This effect was most noticeable at a cadmium concentration of 0.02 mg/L. A systematic decrease in the index of binucleated cardiomyocytes in the atrium and ventricle of the lake frog was observed. The altered course of cardiomyocyte proliferation of cardiac myocytes may be due to disruption of the synthesis or structural organization of cytoskeleton proteins involved in spindle formation and chromosome separation during anaphase of mitosis</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>кадмий</kwd><kwd>кардиомиоциты</kwd><kwd>пролиферация</kwd><kwd>дифференцировка</kwd><kwd>озерная лягушка</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Cadmium</kwd><kwd>cardiomyocytes</kwd><kwd>proliferation</kwd><kwd>differentiation</kwd><kwd>lake frog</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Matović V., Buha A., Ðukić-Ćosić D., Bulat Z. Insight into the oxidative stress induced by lead and/or cadmium in blood, liver and kidneys. 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