The present article is dedicated to the study of methods for translating terms from the field of green economy, a relatively new area of economics aimed at sustainable use of biological resources. In the absence of a fully developed terminology system, the process of translating specialized texts in this field can be challenging and is susceptible to errors. Therefore, the relevance of this study arises from the need to organize terminology in the field of green economy and to ascertain the most efficacious methods of conveying it during the process of translation from other languages. The authors analyzed 145 terms from the field green economy in English, Russian, German, French, and Italian languages, collected through selection from specialized glossaries and a handbook containing specialized texts and terminology from the field of green economy. Along with the analysis of definitions, contextual analysis was conducted to identify equivalents in translation. The research material comprised texts that are freely available online. The English language was selected as the primary source language for this study, as it is the language in which these terms are originally expressed. The English terms were divided into two categories: single-component terms and multicomponent ones. Subsequently, the corresponding terms in other languages were identified and the translation techniques were analyzed. After studying the translation of some of the most common English terms into Russian, German, French, and Italian, it was found that the main challenge for translators is the existence of multiple translation options for a single term. This phenomenon is referred to as a doublet, and its present can affect the quality of the translation. Calquing has been identified as the preferred translation shift for multicomponent terms, as it facilitates a more accurate and comprehensive understanding of the term’s meaning. Further research in this area would allow to systematize the terminology of green economy and develop guidelines for translating terms that do not have a permanent equivalent.

Ecological microzoning of the sanitary protection zone (SPZ) of chemical plants allows minimizing ecological risks and economic costs associated with the use of industrial areas. Lichen indication methods, validated under representative site conditions, provide an information and methodological basis for its effective implementation. This article examines the patterns of spatial differentiation and seasonal dynamics of atmospheric air pollution levels within the sanitary protection zone of the Kamensky chemical plant, identified through field studies using modern lichen indication methods. Differential analysis of sections within the Kamensky chemical plant's sanitary protection zone, located at varying distances from the plant boundary and taking into account wind rose data, revealed the most polluted quadrant of the plant's SPZ – the southwest quadrant. The research results demonstrate a pronounced trend of environmental degradation with proximity to the plant's production facilities, with the plant's influence on lichen community composition being most pronounced near the boundary, while external factors dominate lichen composition in the peripheral part of the sanitary protection zone. The results of the lichen indication studies confirmed the high indicative potential of using lichens for ecological air quality assessment within the sanitary protection zone of chemical plants.

This review aims to examine current genetic research and progress in flax resistance to fungal diseases, as well as the potential application of marker-assisted and genomic selection for cultivar improvement. Key objectives include analyzing and systematizing data in flax breeding and genetic studies, and evaluating the prospects for their further application in the field of agrobiotechnology. The work mentions key articles related to the study of flax resistance traits to various diseases. The article systematizes previously published studies on genes associated with flax resistance to pathogens of major fungal diseases.

Trypsin is widely used for its proteolytic, anti-inflammatory, and decongestant properties. In this study, we investigated, for the first time, the effects of crystalline trypsin on hemodynamics in rabbits after parenteral administration, aiming to elucidate features of hemodynamic regulation. The study involved 15 rabbits, which received either an intramuscular (IM) or intravenous (IV) administration of trypsin solution at a dose of 0.25 mg/kg body weight. Comparative analysis of hemodynamic parameters revealed that intramuscular administration of crystalline trypsin solution induced a vasodilating effect, accompanied by a significant decrease in blood pressure (13% systolic, 12% diastolic) and an 8% increase in heart rate in rabbits. Intravenous administration of trypsin resulted in a short-term hypotensive effect, which was compensated within 30 minutes by activation of the sympathetic nervous system. These findings enhance our understanding of trypsin’s mechanisms of action on the cardiovascular system and support its potential application in veterinary medicine for correcting microcirculatory disorders.

This article presents an analysis of the effect of olfactory environmental enrichment on the behavior of Eurasian lynx, Lynx lynx (Linnaeus, 1758), in the Moscow Zoo during the summer and autumn of 2022. The research involved four adult lynxes (one male and three females). Environmental enrichment consisted of introducing the excrement of potential competitor species (Panthera tigris, Canis lupus, Gulo gulo) and prey species (Capra cylindricornis, Lepus timidus, Cervus nippon) of lynxes. Behavioral observations were conducted using Time Slice video recording. The influence of factors such as individual animal characteristics (sex, age), air temperature, observation time, and the introduction of olfactory environmental enrichment on the behavior of the lynxes was assessed. Results indicated that olfactory environmental enrichment significantly affected the frequency of both inactive and active behavioral patterns in the lynxes. An increase in the active behavior was observed following the introduction of all odors, except for the excrements of G. gulo and L. timidus. A decrease in the inactive behavior was observed in all cases, except for enrichment of the environment with excrements of L. timidus. Enrichment with C. cylindricornis manure resulted in the maximum increase in the locomotor activity in the lynxes

Crystalline trypsin possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-edematous properties, allowing it to be used as an alternative to antibiotics. Data on the parenteral use of an enzyme preparation derived from porcine pancreatic glands have shown that it lowers blood pressure in rabbits via a parasympathetic feedback mechanism, consequently exerting a beneficial effect on metabolism. Given the objective of reducing antibiotic usage in animal husbandry, it is necessary to seek ways to create new antimicrobial agents or to lower the dosage of existing preparations. Therefore, hypothesizing that Nitox in complex with trypsin would exhibit synergism, we decided to test the effect of the enzyme preparation in combination with an antibiotic on hemodynamic parameters and the morphobiochemical status of rabbits. Experiments were conducted on 12 Soviet Chinchilla rabbits aged 4.0-6.0 months, with a live weight of at least 3.8 kg. The rabbits in the 1st control group received an intramuscular injection of 0.9% NaCl solution; the 2nd experimental group received Nitox at the recommended dose for rabbits; and the rabbits in the 3rd experimental group received trypsin in complex with Nitox. No changes in hemodynamics were observed in the 1st control and 2nd experimental groups. When using the complex preparation, blood pressure decreased (systolic – by 16.7%, diastolic – by 16.3%, mean – by 16.5%) compared to the background period. The results of biochemical blood tests showed that changes occurred in protein and lipid metabolism in the rabbits, as the experimental group exhibited a decrease in uric acid content by 51.6%, triglycerides by 38.5%, and phosphorus by 18.7% compared to the control group. Hematological results showed that the leukocyte count in the experimental group decreased by 30.8%. Therefore, the complex preparation (Nitox + trypsin) is characterized by a number of unique features compared to Nitox used in its pure form, which provides a basis for testing the preparation in animals for the treatment of inflammatory processes

The Moor Frog (Rana arvalis Nilsson, 1842) is of interest as a species exhibiting high plasticity in anthropogenically transformed environments. A comparative study was conducted on the age structure, body size, and fecundity of the Moor Frog in four Moscow populations representing different habitat types: Timiryazevsky Park and Ulyanovsky Lesopark, as well as low-rise residential areas (Brekhovo hamlet and Kuznetsovo village). Field research was carried out in April-May from 2021 to 2024. For individuals captured in amplexus, body length was measured, age was determined using skeletochronology, and eggs were counted to estimatу fecundity. Statistical analysis was performed using non-parametric tests (Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney). Significant differences were found between populations. Among males, differences were observed in body length (H = 10.32; p = 0.016) and age (H = 12.53; p = 0.006), while females differed in fecundity (H = 16.04; p = 0.001). The largest size and age of males, as well as the highest fecundity of females, were recorded in Timiryazevsky Park, which significantly exceeded values in low-rise residential areas. Large forest parks provide the most favorable conditions for the long-term persistence of moor frog populations, ensuring high survival rates and reproductive success. The decline in the studied parameters in low-rise residential areas indicates a negative impact from anthropogenic pressure

This article synthesizes the results of a 150-year study of the avifauna of the Tomsk Region, providing a complete list of bird species recorded within its territory. It presents an analysis of the avifauna's features, including taxonomic, faunogenetic, landscape-ecological, and arealogical structure, and assesses the degree of avifaunistic similarity between the Ob River valley and its major tributaries

Carotenoids are essential substances for the animal body, as they have a positive effect on overall health and are involved in regulating color. In this regard, it becomes relevant to develop methods for the use of synthetic and natural carotenoids in the feeding of various taxonomic groups. The paper presents the results of studying the effect of carotenoids in the rearing of juvenile Lacerta media. Animals (n=24) were divided equally into two groups (control and experimental), each group was reared three times. Before starting the experiment, each individual was labeled, measured and weighed, and photographed from the dorsal side of the body. Lizards from the experimental group received carotenoids from food every third feeding by sprinkling them on food insects. As a result of the study, it was shown that the consumption of carotenoids in food did not affect the growth of juveniles of the average lizard throughout all periods of the experiment. However, when comparing the color of individuals using the RGB model, statistically significant differences were revealed at the last stage of the experiment in the blue parameter: the control group was superior in this parameter to the experimental group. The authors believe that these differences in color are due to the depletion of the upper pigment layer of xanthophores in individuals from the control group due to a lack of carotenoids in food, which is why blue-green colors predominate in the color due to the action of the underlying layer of iridophores.

Coffee grounds are rich in nutrients, containing high levels of proteins, oils, fibers, phenolic compounds, and other beneficial substances. Coffee grounds can be a promising source of nutrients for plants, improving water, air, and thermal regimes in soils and increasing the fertility of agricultural lands. Spring barley holds a central place in global and national agricultural production, as it is a leading grain crop with diverse applications in food, animal feed, and industrial sectors. Barley plays a key role in ensuring food security, especially in the context of global population growth and climate change. Therefore, the goal of this research was to determine the effect of coffee grounds on the yield of Vakula spring barley grown on sod-podzolic medium loamy soil in vegetation experiments. Our studies have shown that applying pure coffee grounds has a negative effect on the growth and development of spring barley. The phytotoxicity of the leached coffee residue increased with higher application rates. However, when coffee grounds were applied in combination with mineral fertilizers, the grain yield increased 1.9-fold compared to the application of pure coffee grounds and was comparable to the yield obtained with the NPK fertilizer treatment. Applying pure coffee grounds decreased both the crude protein content and its total yield in the grain crop. The highest starch yield was observed with the combined application of coffee grounds and mineral fertilizer, reaching 8 g/vessel, which was 1.2 times greater than the control. Applying pure coffee grounds reduced the starch yield in spring barley grain by 2.3-6.2 g/vessel, or 35.5-95.8%, compared to the control. The highest fat yield was observed with complete mineral fertilizer and with the combined application of coffee grounds and NPK fertilizer, reaching 211-212 g/vessel, 1.3 times greater than the control

This article addresses the need to improve the methodology for monitoring hydro-reclamation systems. The study aims to justify the use of digital technologies to enhance the monitoring of agricultural land in response to a changing climate. The research was conducted between 2022 and 2024. The subject of the research is a tract of agricultural land – specifically, field 10-0 within the Menkovo Branch, located in the Gatchina District of the Leningrad Region. This land is characterized by excessive moisture and a high groundwater level, necessitating optimization of its hydro-reclamation system. To analyze groundwater levels in the study area, wells were drilled in key locations. Based on reconnaissance photo and video documentation, and statistical groundwater level data, the most representative field for research was selected. Visual analysis and NDVI index analysis corresponding to winter wheat growth stages, combined with groundwater level dynamics, revealed a correlation between elevated groundwater levels and suppressed vegetation. The working hypothesis that monitoring without specifying precise dates is ineffective was supported. Analyzing the efficiency of NDVI data, the study identified optimal monitoring times. Factoring in losses observed in the monitoring data analysis (ranging from 5% to 9%), this targeted monitoring approach is projected to increase yields from 52.7 c/ha to 59.1 c/ha. The estimated total cost of implementing this stage-specific monitoring program throughout the growing season is 128,000 rubles annually